moar things

code/3_type_operations.py

@@ -69,3 +69,127 @@ and_var = bool1 and bool2 # False
 or_var  = bool1 or bool2  # True
 not_var = not bool1       # False
 xor_var = bool1 ^ bool2   # True
+
+
+"""
+Strings support basic operations, like repetition, and joining them together
+You can think of strings as simply being a list of characters. Because of this, most list operations
+also apply to strings. We will cover those in a minute
+
+But they also have more things you can do to them by using 'methods' on them
+
+
+Some of the demonstrated methods include:
+.split(at) => Splits the string into a list of substrings at the provided split point
+.capitalize() => Capitalizes the string
+.startswith(str), .endswith(str) => Check if the string starts with another string and ends with another string
+
+Your editor should tell you all the methods available to you if you type out the string variable name and a dot
+"""
+
+
+string1 = "Skynet is "
+string2 = "Catlover"
+string3 = "Coming"
+
+sum_var = string1 + string3 # "Skynet is Coming"
+product_var = string2 * 3 # CatloverCatloverCatlover
+
+words = sum_var.split(" ") # Splits into words ["Skynet", "is", "Coming"]
+capital = sum_var.capitalize() # Capitalizes "SKYNET IS COMING"
+startswith = sum_var.startswith("Skynet") # True 
+endswith = sum_var.endswith("Peanuts") # False
+
+
+
+"""
+Lists are one of the most useful data types in python, specifically when it comes to algorithms of any kind 
+
+You are able to:
+get the length of the list
+get elements at specific positions of the list 
+get subsets of the list using slicing
+
+A quirk of lists in most programming languages is that they start at the 0th element 
+this is because the index is historically an offset from the first element in the list 
+But algorithmically, a zero-indexing system is surprisingly nicer to work with
+
+In python, slicing is not inclusive of the final element
+If you omit either end of the slicing operation, it implicitly takes the rest of the array
+
+You can also do things like appending and repeating arrays
+"""
+
+list1 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
+
+
+length = len(list1) # Gets the length of the list => 10 
+
+first = list1[0] # Gets the first element of the list   => 1
+second = list1[1] # Gets the second element of the list => 2
+last = list1[-1] # Gets the last element of the list    => 10
+
+first_five = list1[0:5]
+# is also 
+first_five = list1[:5]
+
+
+last_five = list1[5:10]
+# is also 
+last_five = list1[5:]
+
+list2 = last_five + first_five # We have swapped the first and last 5 elements around
+rep = first_five * 3 # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
+
+list2.append(27) # We can add a new element to the list
+
+list2.sort() # The elements of list2 get sorted (in-place)
+
+
+list2.reverse() # We reverse the sorted list 
+
+one = list2.pop() # Remove the last element from the list (list2[-1]) which is 1
+
+print(list2)
+
+"""
+Dictionaries are the final builtin type we are covering
+They allow us to map elements to other elements, and subsequently look them up 
+They do this quite efficiently
+"""
+
+months_abbreviations = {
+    "Jan" : "January",
+    "Feb" : "February",
+    "Mar" : "March",
+    "Apr" : "April",
+    "May" : "May",
+    "Jun" : "June",
+    "Jul" : "July",
+    "Aug" : "August",
+    "Sep" : "September",
+    "Oct" : "October",
+    "Nov" : "November",
+    "Dec" : "December"
+}
+
+months_abbreviations["Jan"] # "January"
+
+del months_abbreviations["Sep"] # We just delete september, who liked it anyway?
+
+months_abbreviations["Ala"] = "Alabama" # Who said states cant be months?
+
+
+
+
+"""
+Dictionaries are a very robust type, and can also be used for things like tracking users and their scores
+"""
+
+
+users = {
+        "mario"   : 11,
+        "luigi"   : 13,
+        "peach"   : 17,
+        "starfox" : 174
+}