Use more standardized rate limiting in Laravel; apply limits to auth routes

app/Http/Kernel.php

@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ class Kernel extends HttpKernel
         'bindings' => SubstituteBindings::class,
         'recaptcha' => VerifyReCaptcha::class,
         'node.maintenance' => MaintenanceMiddleware::class,
-
         // API Specific Middleware
         'api..key' => AuthenticateKey::class,
     ];

app/Providers/RouteServiceProvider.php

@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 
 namespace Pterodactyl\Providers;
 
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
+use Illuminate\Cache\RateLimiting\Limit;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Support\Providers\RouteServiceProvider as ServiceProvider;
 
 class RouteServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
@@ -17,43 +20,86 @@ class RouteServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
     protected $namespace = 'Pterodactyl\Http\Controllers';
 
     /**
-     * Define the routes for the application.
+     * Define your route model bindings, pattern filters, etc.
      */
-    public function map()
+    public function boot()
     {
+        $this->configureRateLimiting();
+
+        $this->routes(function () {
             Route::middleware(['web', 'auth', 'csrf'])
-            ->namespace($this->namespace . '\Base')
+                ->namespace("$this->namespace\\Base")
                 ->group(base_path('routes/base.php'));
 
             Route::middleware(['web', 'auth', 'admin', 'csrf'])->prefix('/admin')
-            ->namespace($this->namespace . '\Admin')
+                ->namespace("$this->namespace\\Admin")
                 ->group(base_path('routes/admin.php'));
 
             Route::middleware(['web', 'csrf'])->prefix('/auth')
-            ->namespace($this->namespace . '\Auth')
+                ->namespace("$this->namespace\\Auth")
                 ->group(base_path('routes/auth.php'));
 
             Route::middleware(['web', 'csrf', 'auth', 'server', 'node.maintenance'])
                 ->prefix('/api/server/{server}')
-            ->namespace($this->namespace . '\Server')
+                ->namespace("$this->namespace\\Server")
                 ->group(base_path('routes/server.php'));
 
-        Route::middleware([
-            sprintf('throttle:%s,%s', config('http.rate_limit.application'), config('http.rate_limit.application_period')),
-            'api',
-        ])->prefix('/api/application')
-            ->namespace($this->namespace . '\Api\Application')
+            Route::middleware(['api', 'throttle:api.application'])
+                ->prefix('/api/application')
+                ->namespace("$this->namespace\\Api\\Application")
                 ->group(base_path('routes/api-application.php'));
 
-        Route::middleware([
-            sprintf('throttle:%s,%s', config('http.rate_limit.client'), config('http.rate_limit.client_period')),
-            'client-api',
-        ])->prefix('/api/client')
-            ->namespace($this->namespace . '\Api\Client')
+            Route::middleware(['client-api', 'throttle:api.client'])
+                ->prefix('/api/client')
+                ->namespace("$this->namespace\\Api\\Client")
                 ->group(base_path('routes/api-client.php'));
 
             Route::middleware(['daemon'])->prefix('/api/remote')
-            ->namespace($this->namespace . '\Api\Remote')
+                ->namespace("$this->namespace\\Api\\Remote")
                 ->group(base_path('routes/api-remote.php'));
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Configure the rate limiters for the application.
+     */
+    protected function configureRateLimiting()
+    {
+        // Authentication rate limiting. For login and checkpoint endpoints we'll apply
+        // a limit of 10 requests per minute, for the forgot password endpoint apply a
+        // limit of two per minute for the requester so that there is less ability to
+        // trigger email spam.
+        RateLimiter::for('authentication', function (Request $request) {
+            if ($request->route()->named('auth.post.forgot-password')) {
+                return Limit::perMinute(2)->by($request->ip());
+            }
+
+            return Limit::perMinute(10);
+        });
+
+        // Configure the throttles for both the application and client APIs below.
+        // This is configurable per-instance in "config/http.php". By default this
+        // limiter will be tied to the specific request user, and falls back to the
+        // request IP if there is no request user present for the key.
+        //
+        // This means that an authenticated API user cannot use IP switching to get
+        // around the limits.
+        RateLimiter::for('api.client', function (Request $request) {
+            $key = optional($request->user())->uuid ?: $request->ip();
+
+            return Limit::perMinutes(
+                config('http.rate_limit.client_period'),
+                config('http.rate_limit.client')
+            )->by($key);
+        });
+
+        RateLimiter::for('api.application', function (Request $request) {
+            $key = optional($request->user())->uuid ?: $request->ip();
+
+            return Limit::perMinutes(
+                config('http.rate_limit.application_period'),
+                config('http.rate_limit.application')
+            )->by($key);
+        });
     }
 }

routes/auth.php

@@ -15,13 +15,21 @@ Route::group(['middleware' => 'guest'], function () {
     Route::get('/password', 'LoginController@index')->name('auth.forgot-password');
     Route::get('/password/reset/{token}', 'LoginController@index')->name('auth.reset');
 
+    // Apply a throttle to authentication action endpoints, in addition to the
+    // recaptcha endpoints to slow down manual attack spammers even more. 🤷‍
+    //
+    // @see \Pterodactyl\Providers\RouteServiceProvider
+    Route::middleware(['throttle:authentication'])->group(function () {
         // Login endpoints.
         Route::post('/login', 'LoginController@login')->middleware('recaptcha');
         Route::post('/login/checkpoint', 'LoginCheckpointController')->name('auth.login-checkpoint');
 
         // Forgot password route. A post to this endpoint will trigger an
         // email to be sent containing a reset token.
-    Route::post('/password', 'ForgotPasswordController@sendResetLinkEmail')->middleware('recaptcha');
+        Route::post('/password', 'ForgotPasswordController@sendResetLinkEmail')
+            ->name('auth.post.forgot-password')
+            ->middleware('recaptcha');
+    });
 
     // Password reset routes. This endpoint is hit after going through
     // the forgot password routes to acquire a token (or after an account